高中必修一 · 第 9 课
交换生 The Exchange Student
来自意大利的 Maria 在班里已经待了一个月。她带来的不仅是流利的中文，还有一连串让同学们重新思考的问题：文化是什么？友谊靠什么连接？
📖 20 个单词📄 390词长文📝 5+12 题
1本课单词
2课文精读：交换生 (The Exchange Student · 约390词)
来自意大利的 Maria 在班里已经待了一个月。她带来的不仅是流利的中文，还有一连串让同学们重新思考的问题：文化是什么？友谊靠什么连接？ 读课文，先自己理解，再点 🔊 听朗读。
The Exchange Student
Maria, the exchange student from Italy, has been studying at the school for a month now. What surprised her most was not the big classrooms or the delicious food, but how warm the students were. On her first day, she could hardly speak Chinese, and she worried whether she would make any friends. That worry disappeared quickly, because what the students cared about was not her accent but her smile.
来自意大利的交换生 Maria 在这所学校已经学习一个月了。最让她惊讶的不是宽敞的教室或美味的食物，而是同学们的热情。第一天，她几乎不会说中文，担心自己能不能交到朋友。这份担忧很快就消失了，因为同学们在意的不是她的口音，而是她的微笑。
At first, Li Lei was nervous about talking to her. 'I wonder whether my English is good enough,' he told Jack. But Maria's English was not perfect either, and they soon found a way to communicate: a little English, a little Chinese and a lot of hand gestures. That was how their friendship began. Every day after class, they exchanged new words, and Li Lei taught her to write Chinese characters while she taught him Italian greetings.
起初，李雷不太敢和她说话。“我不知道我的英语够不够好，”他对杰克说。但 Maria 的英语也不完美，他们很快找到了交流方式：一点英语、一点中文和大量的手势。他们的友谊就是这样开始的。每天课后，他们交换新单词，李雷教她写汉字，她教他用意大利语问候。
The culture week made their friendship stronger. Maria introduced Italian pizza and opera, and Li Lei's group showed her the Mid-Autumn Festival traditions. 'It is important that we understand each other's culture,' Cozy told the class. 'That we are different is a fact, but that we can learn from each other is a gift.' The students listened carefully, and many of them wrote down what they had learned in their journals that night.
文化周让他们的友谊更加牢固。Maria 介绍了意大利披萨和歌剧，李雷的小组向她展示了中秋节的习俗。“我们理解彼此的文化很重要，”Cozy 告诉全班，“我们是不同的，这是事实；但我们可以互相学习，这是一份礼物。”学生们认真听着，许多人当晚就把学到的东西写进了日记。
One day, Maria asked a question that made everyone think. 'Why do we say that food from my country is Italian food, and food from your country is Chinese food?' she asked. 'What we eat has travelled so many roads. The noodles I grew up with came from China long ago. So which culture do they belong to?' The class was silent for a moment. Then Li Lei answered slowly: 'Maybe culture is not something we own, but something we share.'
一天，Maria 问了一个让所有人思考的问题。“为什么我们说，我国家的食物是意大利食物，你们国家的食物是中国食物？”她问，“我们吃的东西走了那么远的路。我从小吃的面条很久以前就来自中国。那它们属于哪种文化呢？”教室沉默了一会儿。然后李雷慢慢回答：“也许文化不是我们拥有的东西，而是我们共享的东西。”
When Maria's exchange year ended, the whole class came to the airport to say goodbye. What she left behind was not only a box of Italian chocolates, but also a question that stayed with them: how much of the world do we really know? 'I used to think that faraway countries were strange,' Li Lei wrote in his journal that night. 'Now I know that what makes us human is the same everywhere, and that the journey to understand others is the longest and most beautiful journey of all.'
Maria 的交换学年结束时，全班都到机场送行。她留下的不只是一盒意大利巧克力，还有一个萦绕在他们心间的问题：我们对这个世界真正了解多少？“我以前以为遥远的国家很陌生，”李雷那晚在日记里写道，“现在我知道，让我们成为人的东西在任何地方都是相同的，而理解他人的旅程，是最漫长也最美好的旅程。”
📖 读后理解（0/5）
1. What surprised Maria most at the new school?
2. How did Li Lei and Maria communicate at first?
3. What did Cozy say about differences?
4. What answer did Li Lei give to Maria's question about food?
5. What did Li Lei write about the journey to understand others?
3语法小课堂：名词性从句起步
主语从句
That / Whether / 疑问词 + 从句 + 谓语；It + be + 形容词 + that 从句
that 引导陈述：That he passed the exam is true. （他通过了考试，这是真的。）
whether 引导是否：Whether we will go depends on the weather. （我们是否去取决于天气。）
疑问词引导：What she said made us think. （她说的话让我们思考。）
常用 it 作形式主语：It is important that we keep calm. （保持冷静很重要。）
⚠️ 主语从句用陈述语序；句首用 whether，不用 if。
表语从句
主语 + be + 从句
从句作表语说明主语：The reason is that he was ill. （原因是他病了。）
引导词：that / whether / 疑问词：That is what I want to say. （那就是我想说的。）
because 也可引导表语从句：It is because I love it. （那是因为我喜爱它。）
⚠️ 表语从句同样用陈述语序；The reason...is that...，避免 that 与 because 混用。
👨🏫Cozy 老师说：高中语法重在「在语境中理解」——多读课文里的例句，语法自然就活了。
4课后练习（0/12）
1. ___ he passed the exam is true.
2. ___ we will go depends on the weather.
3. ___ she said made us think deeply.
4. It is important ___ we understand each other's culture.
5. The reason is ___ he was ill that day.
6. That is ___ I want to say.
7. influence 的意思是：
8. She quickly ___ to the new environment.
9. Culture is not something we ___, but something we share.
10. ___ means 'an unusual and exciting trip or experience'.
11. recognise 的意思是：
12. How did Li Lei and Maria communicate at first?