高中必修一 · 第 10 课
西安一日 A Day in Xi'an
寒假里，四个小伙伴来到古都西安。站在城墙上看日落，在兵马俑前屏住呼吸，他们第一次真切地感受到：历史从未走远，它就在脚下。
📖 20 个单词📄 384词长文📝 5+12 题
1本课单词
2课文精读：西安一日 (A Day in Xi'an · 约384词)
寒假里，四个小伙伴来到古都西安。站在城墙上看日落，在兵马俑前屏住呼吸，他们第一次真切地感受到：历史从未走远，它就在脚下。 读课文，先自己理解，再点 🔊 听朗读。
A Day in Xi'an
The train arrived in Xi'an early in the morning. As they stepped onto the platform, the ancient city wall appeared in the distance, standing tall after six hundred years of wind and rain. The wall, built in the Ming Dynasty, is the best-preserved city wall in China. The friends rented bicycles and rode along the top of it, watching the modern city spread out below. It was a strange feeling, riding through time itself.
火车清晨抵达西安。踏上站台，古城墙就出现在远处，历经六百年风雨依然巍然挺立。这座建于明朝的城墙，是中国保存最完好的城墙。朋友们租了自行车，在城墙顶上骑行，看着现代化的城市在脚下铺展开来。这是一种奇妙的感觉，仿佛骑行在时间里。
Their next stop was the Terracotta Army, the most famous sight in the city. Standing in front of the great pit, they were speechless. Thousands of clay soldiers stood in perfect battle formation, each with a different face, each waiting silently. 'They were made to protect an emperor,' the guide explained. 'The power of that ancient kingdom is still felt here today.' Li Lei took photo after photo, trying to remember every detail of the scene.
他们的下一站是这座城市最著名的景点——兵马俑。站在巨大的坑前，他们说不出话来。成千上万的陶俑士兵排成完美的军阵，每张脸都不同，每个都沉默地等待着。“他们是为保护一位皇帝而造的，”导游解释道，“那个古老王国的力量，至今仍能在这里感受到。”李雷拍了一张又一张照片，想把场景的每个细节都记下来。
At lunchtime, they went to the Muslim Quarter, a lively street famous for its food. The air was filled with the smell of roasted meat and fresh bread. They tried butter cakes, noodle soup and sweet rice balls, and every bite was a new adventure for their mouths. The market, supplied by the farms and workshops around the city, showed them how agriculture and labour had shaped the local way of life for generations.
午饭时间，他们去了回民街，一条以美食闻名的热闹街道。空气中弥漫着烤肉和新鲜面饼的香气。他们尝了黄油酥饼、面条汤和甜汤圆，每一口对味蕾都是一次新的冒险。这个由城市周边农场和作坊供货的市场，让他们看到农业和劳动如何塑造了当地人世代相传的生活方式。
In the afternoon, they climbed the Big Wild Goose Pagoda. From the top, the whole city lay below like a painting, with the ancient walls meeting the modern buildings. 'Look, you can spot the railway station from here,' Jack said, pointing. 'And that green area is the park we visited last time.' They stayed until sunset, watching the lights come on one by one. The city, they realised, was a place where the old and the new lived together peacefully.
下午，他们登上了大雁塔。从塔顶望去，整座城市像一幅画铺在脚下，古老的城墙与现代建筑相接。“看，从这儿能辨认出火车站，”杰克指着说，“那片绿色就是我们上次去的公园。”他们一直待到日落，看着灯光一盏盏亮起。他们意识到，这座城市是古老与现代和平共处的地方。
On the last evening, the four friends sat in a teahouse and wrote postcards to their future selves. 'I want to remember this day forever,' Lily wrote. 'The city has taught me that history is not a heavy book; it is a living street, a warm meal, a steady bridge.' Li Lei looked at his postcard and added one more line: 'May I always have eyes to see the beauty of the past, and the courage to build the future.'
最后一个晚上，四个朋友坐在茶馆里，给未来的自己写明信片。“我想永远记住这一天，”莉莉写道，“这座城市教会我，历史不是沉重的书卷；它是活着的街道、温暖的饭菜、稳固的桥梁。”李雷看着自己的明信片，又加了一行：“愿我永远有发现过去之美的眼睛，也有建设未来的勇气。”
📖 读后理解（0/5）
1. When was the Xi'an city wall built?
2. What did the friends do on top of the city wall?
3. What is special about the Terracotta Army?
4. Where did they have lunch?
5. What did the friends write on their postcards?
3语法小课堂：非谓语动词综合（历史名城）
非谓语作定语
-ing（主动进行）/ -ed（被动完成）/ to do（将来）+ 名词
-ing 表主动进行：the running water（流动的水）、the rising sun（升起的太阳）。
-ed 表被动完成：the broken bridge（断桥）、the wall built in the Ming Dynasty（建于明朝的墙）。
不定式表将来：the meeting to be held tomorrow（明天要开的会）。
⚠️ 判断用哪种：看名词与动作的关系（主动/被动）+ 时间（进行/完成/将来）。
非谓语作状语
分词 / 不定式 + 主句
现在分词表主动伴随：Standing on the tower, we saw the whole city. （站在塔上，我们看到了整座城市。）
过去分词表被动或状态：Lost in thought, he didn't hear the bell. （陷入沉思，他没听到铃声。）
不定式表目的：They came to the city to visit the museum. （他们来这座城市参观博物馆。）
⚠️ 分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与主句主语一致。
👨🏫Cozy 老师说：高中语法重在「在语境中理解」——多读课文里的例句，语法自然就活了。
4课后练习（0/12）
1. ___ on the tower, we saw the whole city below.
2. The wall ___ in the Ming Dynasty is the best-preserved in China.
3. They came to the city ___ the museum.
4. ___ in thought, he didn't hear the bell.
5. The ___ sun rose over the mountains.
6. The work ___ tomorrow must be finished today.
7. agriculture 的意思是：
8. The market ___ by the farms around the city.
9. ___ means 'to look for something carefully'.
10. From the top of the pagoda, you can ___ the railway station.
11. harvest 的意思是：
12. What did the four friends write on their postcards?