自学课程高中必修一
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高中必修一 · 第 7 课

千年洞窟的回响 Voices of the Ancient Caves

每一件文物都在讲述历史。在敦煌莫高窟,李雷和同学们亲眼看到了文化遗产如何被一代代人守护与传承。

📖 20 个单词📄 384词长文📝 5+12

1本课单词

/'treʒə/
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/prəˈtekt/
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/'væljuəbl/
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/'preʃəs/
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/reə/
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/'mɒdl/
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/əˈrɪdʒənl/
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/'kwɒləti/
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/rɪˈspekt/
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/kəˈlekʃn/
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/ləʊˈkeɪt/
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/lɔːntʃ/
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/'prɒdʒekt/
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/'reskjuː/
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/'sɜːveɪ/
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/rɪˈmeɪn/
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/rɪˈflekt/
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/'ɡæðə/
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/fəʊk/
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/'stændəd/
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2课文精读:千年洞窟的回响 (Voices of the Ancient Caves · 约384词)

每一件文物都在讲述历史。在敦煌莫高窟,李雷和同学们亲眼看到了文化遗产如何被一代代人守护与传承。 读课文,先自己理解,再点 🔊 听朗读。

Voices of the Ancient Caves
课文配图1
Every year, thousands of visitors are drawn to the Mogao Caves in Dunhuang. The caves were carved into the cliff over a period of a thousand years, and their walls are covered with colourful murals. Last month, the school organized a study trip, and Li Lei's group was chosen to learn about the protection of this treasure. 'The murals are protected by a special team of experts,' the guide explained at the entrance.
每年,成千上万的游客被敦煌莫高窟吸引而来。这些洞窟是在一千年间被开凿进崖壁的,墙壁上绘满了色彩斑斓的壁画。上个月,学校组织了一次研学旅行,李雷的小组被选中了解这一宝藏的保护工作。“壁画由一支专家团队保护着,”导游在入口处解释说。
课文配图2
Inside the caves, the air was cool and dark. 'These paintings were made with natural minerals more than a thousand years ago,' the guide continued. 'They were painted by nameless artists who worked by the light of oil lamps. Because the colours are so precious, the number of visitors is limited, and photography is forbidden in some caves. A new digital project was launched last year: every mural is being scanned, so that the images will be kept forever.'
洞窟内凉爽而昏暗。“这些壁画是一千多年前用天然矿物颜料绘制的,”导游继续说,“它们出自无名的工匠之手,他们在油灯的光线下作画。由于色彩极其珍贵,参观人数受到限制,部分洞窟禁止拍照。去年启动了一个新的数字项目:每幅壁画都在被扫描,这样图像就能永久保存。”
课文配图3
Li Lei was deeply moved. 'I have seen pictures of Dunhuang in books,' he said, 'but standing here, I can feel the hands of those ancient artists.' Han Mei nodded. 'My grandmother told me that when she was young, some murals were damaged by careless visitors. Now the caves are watched over day and night, and damaged parts are repaired by skilled restorers. It makes me proud that our generation will pass this treasure on.'
李雷深受触动。“我在书里看过敦煌的图片,”他说,“但站在这里,我能感受到那些古代画师的手。”韩梅点点头:“奶奶告诉我,她年轻时,一些壁画曾被粗心的游客损坏。如今洞窟被日夜守护,受损的部分由技艺精湛的修复师修复。想到我们这一代将把这份宝藏传下去,我感到很自豪。”
课文配图4
On the third day, the students joined a workshop where they tried to copy a mural with traditional methods. 'Every colour comes from nature,' the teacher showed them. 'Blue is ground from a rare stone, and gold powder is mixed into the paint.' Lily, who loves art, was amazed. 'I have never realized that so much labour and skill are hidden behind a single brushstroke. These works will be remembered by the whole world,' she said softly.
第三天,学生们参加了一个工作坊,尝试用传统方法临摹壁画。“每一种颜色都来自大自然,”老师演示道,“蓝色由一种稀有的矿石研磨而成,金色粉末被调入颜料中。”热爱艺术的 Lily 惊叹不已:“我从没意识到,一笔一画背后竟凝聚着如此多的劳动与技艺。这些作品会被全世界铭记,”她轻声说。
课文配图5
Before leaving, the students wrote their wishes on paper lanterns. 'May our cultural treasures be protected forever,' Li Lei wrote. Jack added, 'And may they be seen by more and more young people.' As the lanterns floated into the night sky, Cozy said, 'Heritage is not only about the past. It is a bridge that will be carried into the future, as long as every generation chooses to treasure it.' The students clapped, their eyes shining in the lantern light.
离开前,学生们把心愿写在纸灯笼上。“愿我们的文化宝藏被永远守护,”李雷写道。Jack 补充道:“愿它们被越来越多的年轻人看见。”当灯笼飘向夜空时,Cozy 老师说:“遗产不只是关于过去。只要每一代人都选择珍视它,它就是一座将被带向未来的桥梁。”学生们鼓起掌来,眼睛在灯笼的光里闪闪发亮。
📖 读后理解(0/5
1. What are the walls of the Mogao Caves covered with?
2. Why is photography forbidden in some caves?
3. How are damaged murals dealt with now?
4. What can we infer from the passage?
5. What is the main idea of the passage?

3语法小课堂:被动语态(一般现在 / 过去 / 将来)

一般现在时被动语态
am / is / are + 过去分词(done)
表示经常性、习惯性的被动动作或客观事实:The murals are protected by a team of experts. (壁画由专家团队保护。)
由主动变被动:主动语态的宾语变成主语,动词变 be + done,原主语变成 by + 宾语:Visitors draw the murals. → The murals are drawn by visitors. (错误示范句,实际游客不允许画壁画!)
无需说明动作执行者时,by 短语可省略:English is spoken all over the world. (全世界都讲英语。)
⚠️ 被动语态中 be 动词的形式由新主语的人称和数决定——单数主语用 is,复数用 are。
一般过去时与一般将来时被动语态
was / were + done | will be + done
过去被动:这些壁画是一千多年前绘制的:The paintings were made with natural minerals more than a thousand years ago. (这些画是一千多年前用天然矿物制作的。)
将来被动:这座建筑明年将对公众开放:The building will be opened to the public next year. (这座建筑明年将向公众开放。)
注意不规则动词的过去分词:build-built-built, write-wrote-written, make-made-made, see-saw-seen。
⚠️ 含情态动词的被动:can / must / should + be + done(The rules must be followed. 规则必须被遵守。)
👨‍🏫Cozy 老师说:高中语法重在「在语境中理解」——多读课文里的例句,语法自然就活了。

4课后练习(0/12

1. The murals ___ by a special team of experts.
2. The paintings ___ with natural minerals a thousand years ago.
3. The cave ___ to the public next year.
4. Photography ___ in some caves.
5. Every mural ___ scanned so that the images will be kept forever.
6. Damaged parts ___ by skilled restorers.
7. The Mogao Caves are a cultural ___ of China.
8. The colours of the murals are made from natural ___.
9. The old temple has ___ for over eight hundred years.
10. Which sentence is in the passive voice?
11. Translate: 这座宝塔每年被成千上万的游客参观。
12. Which change is correct? 'People speak English everywhere.'
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