高中必修一 · 第 1 课
科学侦探 The Detective of Science
Jack 在科学课上做关于约翰·斯诺的演讲。通过一个世纪的旧故事，同学们理解了科学方法的力量。
📖 22 个单词📄 426词长文📝 6+13 题
1本课单词
2课文精读：科学侦探 (The Detective of Science · 约426词)
Jack 在科学课上做关于约翰·斯诺的演讲。通过一个世纪的旧故事，同学们理解了科学方法的力量。 读课文，先自己理解，再点 🔊 听朗读。
The Detective of Science
Jack stood nervously at the front of the classroom, holding a thick folder. His science report was about John Snow, a doctor who solved one of history's greatest mysteries. 'In 1854, cholera was killing thousands of people in London,' he began. 'Nobody knew why. But Snow had a theory, and he was determined to prove it.' His hands were shaking a little, but his voice grew stronger as he spoke about the power of observation.
Jack 紧张地站在教室前面，手里拿着一个厚厚的文件夹。他的科学报告是关于约翰·斯诺——一位破解了历史上最大谜团之一的医生。“1854 年，霍乱正在伦敦夺走成千上万人的生命，”他开始说，“没人知道原因。但斯诺有一个理论，他决心证明它。他的手微微发抖，但讲到观察的力量时，声音越来越有力。
Cozy teacher interrupted gently. 'Before we hear the rest, let's talk about the scientific method,' she said, writing on the board: question, hypothesis, data, evidence, conclusion. 'A scientist does not guess. He observes, investigates, and verifies. Jack, how did Snow collect his evidence?' Jack smiled and opened his folder, ready to explain. The students leaned forward in their seats, curious about the mystery of the water pump.
Cozy 老师温和地打断了他。“在听下文之前，我们先谈谈科学方法，”她说着在黑板上写下：问题、假设、数据、证据、结论。“科学家不靠猜测。他观察、调查并核实。Jack，斯诺是怎么收集证据的？”Jack 笑了，打开文件夹准备解释。学生们在座位上身体前倾，对水泵之谜充满好奇。
Snow marked every cholera death on a map of London. The dots clustered around one water pump on Broad Street. He took samples of the water and interviewed families, recording every detail in his notebook. 'The data pointed to one conclusion,' Jack said, 'but Snow did not stop there. He tested his hypothesis again and again until the evidence was beyond doubt.'
斯诺把每个霍乱死亡病例都标在伦敦地图上。圆点聚集在宽街的一台水泵周围。他取了水样，走访家庭，把每个细节都记在笔记本上。“数据指向一个结论，”Jack 说，“但斯诺没有就此止步。他一次又一次地检验假设，直到证据无可置疑。”
When Snow removed the handle of the pump, the outbreak stopped almost immediately. His discovery proved that cholera was carried by polluted water, not by bad air, as most people believed at the time. 'That is the power of science,' Cozy teacher said. 'It replaces superstition with verified truth, one careful observation at a time.' The story showed that science is not only about knowledge but also about courage and care for others.
当斯诺卸下水泵的把手后，疫情几乎立即停止。他的发现证明霍乱是由受污染的水传播的，而不是像当时多数人认为的那样由坏空气传播。“这就是科学的力量，”Cozy 老师说，“它用经过验证的真理取代迷信，一次一次地靠细致观察。”这个故事表明，科学不只是知识，还关乎勇气和对他人的关爱。
Lily raised her hand. 'So the scientific method is not just for scientists?' Cozy teacher shook her head. 'We use it every day. When your phone does not charge, you form a hypothesis, test it, and find the cause. The method is a habit of mind — a foundation for every intelligent decision we make.' The class nodded, seeing their daily life in a new light.
Lily 举手问：“所以科学方法不只是科学家用的？”Cozy 老师摇摇头：“我们每天都在用。手机充不上电时，你会提出假设、去测试、找原因。科学方法是一种思维习惯——是我们做每一个明智决定的基础。”全班点头，以新的眼光看待日常生活。
Jack finished his report with a picture of the Broad Street pump. 'Snow never won a Nobel Prize,' he said, 'because that prize did not exist yet. But his breakthrough saved more lives than any single award could measure.' The class applauded, and Han Mei whispered to Li Lei: 'I used to think science was boring. Today it feels like detective work.' Li Lei smiled and agreed. Han Mei looked at her notes and smiled; she had never seen science look so alive.
Jack 用一张宽街水泵的照片结束了报告。“斯诺从未获得诺贝尔奖，”他说，“因为那时这个奖还不存在。但他的突破拯救的生命，比任何单项奖项能衡量的都多。”全班鼓掌，Han Mei 对李雷小声说：“我以前觉得科学很无聊，今天它像侦探工作。”李雷笑着表示同意。Han Mei 看着笔记笑了；她从未见过科学如此鲜活。
📖 读后理解（0/6）
1. What was Jack's science report about?
2. What did Snow mark on the map of London?
3. Where did the dots cluster around?
4. What did Snow's discovery prove?
5. What did Cozy teacher say the scientific method is?
6. Why did Snow never win a Nobel Prize?
3语法小课堂：表语从句 & 过去完成时
表语从句（**选必新增）
主语 + be + 连接词 + 从句
The truth is that cholera was carried by water. （事实是霍乱由水传播。）
The question is whether the evidence is enough. （问题是证据是否足够。）
That is why scientists verify their results. （这就是科学家核实结果的原因。）
⚠️ 表语从句在系动词 be 之后；that 引导时不可省略。
过去完成时（**选必新增）
had + done
表示“过去的过去”：By 1854, Snow had already collected much data. （到 1854 年，斯诺已经收集了大量数据。）
常与 by / before / when 引导的时间连用：When we arrived, the experiment had finished. （我们到达时，实验已经结束了。）
叙述故事中用于回忆更早的事件。
⚠️ 两个过去动作，先发生的用过去完成时，后发生的用一般过去时。
👨🏫Cozy 老师说：高中语法重在「在语境中理解」——多读课文里的例句，语法自然就活了。
4课后练习（0/13）
1. The truth is ___ cholera was carried by water.
2. The question is ___ the evidence is enough.
3. By 1854, Snow ___ much data.
4. When we arrived, the experiment ___ .
5. A scientist does not guess; he observes, investigates and ___ .
6. theory 的意思是：
7. Snow took ___ of the water from the pump.
8. ___ is a fact or sign that shows something is true.
9. The scientific method is a ___ of mind, said Cozy teacher.
10. His ___ saved more lives than any award could measure.
11. What is the first step of the scientific method?
12. We use the scientific method ___ day.
13. ___ the pump handle removed, the outbreak stopped.