高中必修一 · 第 8 课
湿地守护者 Guardians of the Wetland
候鸟迁徙的季节，湿地保护区迎来了年轻的守护者。在那里，同学们明白了一个道理：规则不是束缚，而是对生命的温柔。
📖 20 个单词📄 385词长文📝 5+12 题
1本课单词
2课文精读：湿地守护者 (Guardians of the Wetland · 约385词)
候鸟迁徙的季节，湿地保护区迎来了年轻的守护者。在那里，同学们明白了一个道理：规则不是束缚，而是对生命的温柔。 读课文，先自己理解，再点 🔊 听朗读。
Guardians of the Wetland
Every autumn, thousands of migratory birds stop at the wetland reserve near the city. They rest here for weeks before flying south, and their arrival turns the grey water into a lively picture. But the birds are also in danger: plastic waste, loud noises and careless visitors can all harm them. That is why the reserve has made strict rules, which must be followed by every visitor, young or old.
每年秋天，成千上万只候鸟会在这座城市附近的湿地保护区停留。它们在这里休息数周再飞往南方，它们的到来把灰色的水面变成了一幅生动的图画。但鸟儿们也身处危险之中：塑料垃圾、巨大的噪音和粗心的游客都可能伤害它们。因此保护区制定了严格的规定，每位游客，无论老少，都必须遵守。
Last weekend, the four friends joined a volunteer day at the wetland. Each of them was given a pair of binoculars and a notebook. 'The birds must be observed from a distance,' the guide told them. 'Cameras can be used, but the flash must be turned off. And please remember: nothing should be thrown into the water.' The students nodded and wrote the rules carefully in their notebooks, like young scientists recording a new discovery.
上周末，四个朋友参加了湿地的志愿者日。每人领到一副望远镜和一个笔记本。“必须在远处观察鸟类，”向导告诉他们，“可以使用相机，但必须关掉闪光灯。还有请记住：任何东西都不应被扔进水里。”学生们点点头，像记录新发现的年轻科学家一样，把规则仔细写进笔记本。
In the afternoon, Cozy gave a short lesson by the lake. 'Many wild animals are protected by law now,' he said. 'Hunting must be punished, and pollution must be prevented. But laws alone are not enough. The rules in the reserve can be obeyed only when people understand why they exist.' He pointed to a heron standing on one leg. 'That bird does not know our rules, but it knows that this place is safe. Our job is to keep it that way.'
下午，Cozy 在湖边上了一堂短课。“现在许多野生动物都受到法律保护，”他说，“狩猎必须受到惩罚，污染必须被阻止。但仅靠法律是不够的。只有当人们理解规则为什么存在时，保护区里的规则才会被遵守。”他指着一只单腿站立的苍鹭说：“那只鸟不懂我们的规则，但它知道这个地方是安全的。我们的工作就是让它一直安全下去。”
The most touching moment came when the students found an injured crane near the reeds. Its wing was hurt, and it could hardly move. The rescue team was called at once, and the crane was taken to the wildlife centre. 'It will be treated by the doctors, and it can be released when it recovers,' the workers said. Jack, who had been quiet all day, finally spoke: 'Today I understand why rules must be followed. They are walls of love built around the weak.'
最感人的时刻，是同学们在芦苇丛边发现一只受伤的鹤。它的翅膀受了伤，几乎无法动弹。救援队立刻被叫来，鹤被送到野生动物救助中心。“医生会治疗它，等它康复后就可以放归自然，”工作人员说。一整天都很安静的杰克终于开口了：“今天我终于明白规则为什么必须被遵守。它们是筑在弱者周围的爱的围墙。”
On the way home, the setting sun dyed the wetland golden. The four friends promised each other to come back every season. 'The wetland is not only a home for birds,' Han Mei said softly. 'It is a classroom where we learn respect and responsibility.' Li Lei looked at the far sky where the birds had disappeared and smiled. 'If we keep our promise, the guardians of the wetland will never be alone.'
回家的路上，夕阳把湿地染成金色。四个朋友互相约定每个季节都回来。“湿地不只是鸟儿的家，”韩梅轻声说，“它是一间教会我们尊重与责任的课堂。”李雷望着鸟儿消失的远天，微笑着说：“如果我们信守承诺，湿地的守护者就永远不会孤单。”
📖 读后理解（0/5）
1. Why does the reserve have strict rules?
2. What must visitors do when taking photos?
3. What does Cozy say about laws?
4. What happened to the injured crane?
5. What did Jack say rules are like?
3语法小课堂：情态动词的被动语态
情态动词被动语态
must / can / should / may + be + done
must be done 必须被…：Hunting must be punished. （狩猎必须被惩罚。）
should be done 应该被…：Rules should be followed by every visitor. （规则应该被每位游客遵守。）
can be done 能够被…：The birds can be observed from a distance. （鸟类可以从远处观察。）
⚠️ 情态动词后 be 用原形，不随主语变化：The birds can be seen. / It can be seen.
情态动词 + have been done（过去推测被动）
must / might / can't + have been + done
对过去动作的肯定推测：The window must have been broken by the wind. （窗户一定是被风吹破的。）
否定推测：The book can't have been taken by Tom. （这本书不可能是汤姆拿走的。）
可能性较小的推测：It might have been moved by the workers. （可能是工人们搬走的。）
⚠️ must have been done 表过去一定被…；can't have been done 表过去不可能被…，语气相反。
👨🏫Cozy 老师说：高中语法重在「在语境中理解」——多读课文里的例句，语法自然就活了。
4课后练习（0/12）
1. Hunting ___ by law in this country.
2. The rules ___ by every visitor to the reserve.
3. The birds ___ from a distance with binoculars.
4. The window ___ by the wind last night.
5. The book ___ by Tom; he was in Beijing at that time.
6. The injured crane ___ to the wildlife centre at once.
7. charity 的意思是：
8. We should be ___ with wild animals and never frighten them.
9. ___ means 'to save someone or something from danger'.
10. People should be ___ of the importance of wetlands.
11. Pollution must be ___ to protect the environment.
12. What did the guide say about taking photos?